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The Prilep-Bitola dialect ((マケドニア語:Прилепско-битолски дијалект), ''Prilepsko-bitolski dijalekt'') is a member of the central subgroup of the western group of dialects of the Macedonian language. This dialect is spoken in much of the Pelagonia region (more specifically, the Bitola, Prilep, Kruševo and Demir Hisar municipalities), as well as by the Macedonian-speaking minority population in and around Florina (Lerin)〔author missing. Леринскиот говор. Македонски jазик, 1983, ХХХIV, стр. 23-49.〕〔Hill, Peter. The Dialect of Gorno Kalenik 1991, Columbus, OH〕 in neighbouring Greek Macedonia. The Prilep-Bitola dialect, along with other peripheral west-central dialects, provides much of the basis for modern Standard Macedonian.〔Makedonska gramatika by Krume Kepeski Language, Vol. 27, No. 2 (Apr–Jun, 1951), pp. 180–187〕 Prestige dialects have developed in the cities of Bitola and Prilep. ==Phonological characteristics== The phonological characteristics of the Bitola-Prilep dialect which can also be found in the other peripheral dialects are: *mostly antepenultimate word stress (see Macedonian phonology); *Proto-Slavic *ǫ has reflexed into : ::rǫka > ''рака'' ('hand') *except for the Prilep sub-dialects, Bitola sub-dialects have two phonemic lateral consonants ( and , continuants of Proto-Slavic *l and *ĺ): ::ex. Proto-Slavic *kĺučь > in Bitola sub-dialects, in Prilep sub-dialects *while most Macedonian dialects have a phonemic (in loanwords), many sub-dialects of the Prilep-Bitola dialect—with the exception of urban prestige dialects—instead have : ::Megleno-Romanian ''fustan'' > ''вустан'' ('ladies' dress') ::Ottoman Turkish فوطة > ''вута'' ('apron') ::Ottoman Turkish فرنا > ''вурна'' ('bakehouse, masonry oven') *the palatal affricates are typically prepalatalized: ''свеќа'' ('candle') is realized as , ''меѓа'' ('border, frontier') is realized as ; * *a similar features occurs with the palatal nasal: ''јадење'' ('food') is realized as ; *the etymological in initial position has been lost in a number of instances: * *in the sequences '' *vs-'' and '' *vz-'', as is the case in the standard; e.g. ''сè'' ('all') from the earlier *''все'', ''зема'' ('to take') from the earlier *''взема''; * *in a handful of words where the pronunciation was "evened up" with that of their antonyms: ''натре'' from the earlier ''внатре'' ('inside') as per ''надвор'' ('outside'), ''ногу'' from the earlier ''многу'' ('much, a lot') as per ''малку'' ('a little'); *intervocalic consonant elision is typical of this dialect, and elided forms are in free variation with non-elided forms: * *elision of the intervocalic : * * *in the plural forms of monosyllabic nouns, e.g. ''лебо(в)и'':〔Граматика на македонскиот литературен јазик, Блаже Конески, Култура, Скопје 1967, стр.68〕 :::: → (realized as ~ ) :: * and in most other positions, e.g. ''то(в)ар'':〔Историја на македонскиот јазик, Блаже Конески, Култура, Скопје 1986, стр. 21〕 :::: → (realized as ) : * certain short words (conjunctions, pronouns, determiners, etc.) have undergone further elision, ex.: ::: (→ ) → ('now') ::: * (→ ) → (''indic. pron.'' 'that') ::: (→ ) → (''interr. pron.'' 'when') *insertion of and into consonant clusters -- and --, respectively; for example, from the earlier (''срам'', 'shame') and from the earlier (''зрел'', 'ripe'). *In the sub-dialect of Bukovo-Orehovo, especially among the oldest generations: * *while is an allophone of in most dialects (occurring in all positions except before front vowels and ), in this dialect is used instead; ex.: ::: for (''глава'', 'head') and for (''слама'', 'straw') * *the phoneme mutates (is raised) to ( ~ ) when preceding an affricate or iotated consonant with the exception of suffixes; ex.: :::''чаша'' ('cup') is realized as :::''жаба'' ('frog') is realized as * *the Proto-Slavic syllabic *l̥ has reflexed into , e.g. *sъlnьce > ('sun'), *vьlkъ > ('wolf'). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Prilep-Bitola dialect」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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